Nameservers Explained

Nameservers are the backbone of DNS, directing internet traffic to the right servers. Understanding how they work is essential for managing your domain.

What Are Nameservers?

Nameservers are specialized servers that store DNS records for domains and respond to DNS queries. When someone types your domain into their browser, nameservers tell the internet where to find your website.

Think of nameservers as the phone book of the internet. Your domain name is like a contact name, and the nameserver looks up the "phone number" (IP address) so the caller (browser) knows where to connect.

How Nameservers Work

Here's what happens when someone visits your website:

1

Browser Makes Request

User types example.com in their browser

2

DNS Resolver Query

The browser asks a DNS resolver (usually your ISP) for the IP address

3

Find the Nameservers

The resolver queries the domain registry to find which nameservers are authoritative for example.com

4

Query the Nameserver

The resolver asks the nameserver for the A record (IP address) of example.com

5

Return the IP Address

The nameserver responds with 93.184.216.34 and the browser connects to that server

Domain Registrar vs DNS Provider

It's important to understand the difference between where you register your domain and where your DNS is hosted:

Domain Registrar

Where you purchase and renew your domain name (GoDaddy, Namecheap, Google Domains, etc.). The registrar stores which nameservers your domain uses.

DNS Provider

Where your actual DNS records are stored and served. This could be the same as your registrar, or a separate service like Cloudflare, AWS Route 53, or your web host.

Key Point

You set your nameservers at your registrar, and they point to your DNS provider where all your A, MX, TXT, and other records live.

Common Nameserver Providers

Here are nameservers you'll commonly encounter:

Cloudflare

*.ns.cloudflare.com

Popular free DNS with CDN and security features

AWS Route 53

ns-*.awsdns-*.com/net/org/co.uk

Amazon's scalable DNS service

Google Cloud DNS

ns-cloud-*.googledomains.com

Google's DNS hosting service

GoDaddy

ns*.domaincontrol.com

Default for GoDaddy-registered domains

Namecheap

dns*.registrar-servers.com

Default for Namecheap-registered domains

How to Change Nameservers

To switch your DNS provider, you'll need to update your nameservers at your registrar:

  1. Get new nameservers from your new DNS provider (e.g., Cloudflare gives you two nameservers when you add a site)
  2. Log into your registrar where you purchased the domain
  3. Find DNS or Nameserver settings (usually under Domain Management)
  4. Replace existing nameservers with the new ones
  5. Save changes and wait for propagation (can take up to 48 hours, usually faster)

Before You Switch

Make sure you've recreated all your DNS records at the new provider before changing nameservers. Otherwise, your website and email may go offline during the transition.

Why Have Multiple Nameservers?

You'll notice domains always have at least two nameservers. This provides redundancy—if one nameserver is unavailable, the others can still respond to DNS queries, keeping your website online.

Most DNS providers give you 2-4 nameservers distributed across different data centers and networks for maximum reliability.

DNS Propagation

After changing nameservers or DNS records, changes don't take effect instantly worldwide. This is called DNS propagation.

  • DNS records are cached by ISPs and resolvers
  • Each record has a TTL (Time To Live) that determines how long it's cached
  • Nameserver changes can take up to 48 hours to fully propagate
  • Most changes propagate within a few hours

Check Your Nameservers

Use DNSLens to instantly see which nameservers are configured for any domain.

Lookup Nameservers